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@#To investigate the effects of Shengmai formula (SMF) on tissue damages, serum inflammatory factors and the proportion of innate immunocytes in peripheral blood, sepsis models using either intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were established.The role of gut microbiota in septic mice during SMF treatment was further investigated.LPS-induced sepsis model was carried out 4 days after daily gavage administration with 0.3 g/kg, 0.6 g/kg, 1.2 g/kg SMF or intraperitoneal injection with 0.6 g/kg SMF.Survival rates of septic mice were determined.Histological evaluations of liver, lung and kidney were analyzed by H&E staining. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine (Cr) levels were determined.LPS and CLP-induced sepsis models were established, and the proportion of monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry after gavage administration or intraperitoneal injection of SMF.The therapeutic effects of SMF after antibiotics treatment were further determined, and the therapeutic effects of fecal microbiota from SMF-treated mice were investigated.The results show that LPS-induced sepsis caused death of mice, damages in liver, lung and kidney with increased infiltration of leukocytes and elevated levels of serum IL-6, ALT, AST, BUN and Cr, which were all reversed by gavage administration of SMF.Gavage administration of SMF could significantly reduce the proportion of peripheral macrophages in LPS model and monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils in CLP model.Intraperitoneal injection of SMF showed no therapeutic benefits in septic mice.Depletion of gut microbiota using antibiotics cocktail reversed the therapeutic effects of SMF on sepsis, indicating the involvement of gut microbiota.Fecal microbiota from SMF-treated donors was transplanted into pseudo-sterile recipients, and we found FMT could significantly ameliorate sepsis of recipients.These results showed that gavage administration of SMF reduced serum inflammatory factors and alleviated tissue damages in septic mice by regulating gut microbiota. This study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of clinical sepsis with SMF.
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Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of precision thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in the limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) patients by network meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TRT regimes in the LS-SCLC were electronically searched from PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Data from inception to September 1 st, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed by Stata 17 and R 4.1.1 software. Results:A total of 6 RCTs involving 1730 patients with six radiation regimens including hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HFRT): HFRT 45(45 Gy/30 F) and HFRT 60(60 Gy/40 F); conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT): CFRT 70(70 Gy/35 F) and CFRT 66(66 Gy/33 F); moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHFRT): MHFRT 65(65 Gy/26 F) and MHFRT 42(42 Gy/15 F) were included. The network meta-analysis showed that: in terms of improving progression-free survival and overall survival, there was no statistically significant difference among the six radiotherapy regimens. The probabilistic ranking results were: MHFRT 65> HFRT 60>CFRT 66>CFRT 70>MHFRT 42>HFRT 45, and HFRT 60>MHFRT 65>CFRT 66>CFRT 70>HFRT 45>MHFRT 42, respectively. The HFRT 60 regimen was superior to other regimens in reducing the incidence of grade ≥3 pneumonia, and there was no difference between the regimens in causing grade ≥3 radiation esophagitis, and the results of ranking probability were: HFRT 60> MHFRT 42>CFRT 66>CFRT 70>HFRT 45>MHFRT 65, and HFRT 60>CFRT 70>CFRT 66>HFRT 45>MHFRT 42>MHFRT 65, respectively. Conclusions:HFRT 60 radiotherapy regimen may be more effective and safer in the treatment of LS-SCLC patients as a priority choice for LS-SCLC TRT. Limited by the number and quality of included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
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Objective:To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of liver perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComa).Methods:The clinical data of 12 patients with liver PEComa diagnosed by pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from October 2011 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 1 male and 11 females, with a median age of 44 (range 20 to 63) years old. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, treatment methods, postoperative pathological features and treatment outcomes of these patients were collected and analysed. Postoperative follow-up by telephone or patient's follow-up records.Results:Among the 12 patients with hepatic PEComa, 8 patients (66.7%) were asymptomatic and 11 patients (91.7%) had a single lesion. All patients underwent surgical treatment, including local tumor resection in 10 patients (83.3%) and extended hemihepatectomy in 2 patients (16.7%). Enhanced CT showed the lesion to be a quasi-round homogeneous low-density mass, enhanced in arterial phase with hepatic artery branches in the lesion, and decrease in enhancement degrees in portal vein phase and delayed phase. Postoperative pathology of the lesions in all the 12 patients was benign. Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive rates of melanoma cell markers HMB45, Melan-A and smooth muscle actin were 100.0%(12/12), 83.3%(10/12) and 91.7%(11/12) respectively. The median follow-up period was 27 months, and no recurrence or metastasis was found.Conclusion:Hepatic PEComa occurred commonly in women with obscure symptoms. The lesion was mainly single and it had no correlation with hepatitis. It is easily confused with primary liver cancer and liver metastasis on medical imagings. PEComa expressed markers of both melanocyte and smooth muscle cell, and radical surgical resection resulted in good results.
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OBJECTIVE：To analyze and compare th e contents of 6 kinds of monosaccharide in Astragalus membranaceus from different growth years . METHODS ：2-4 years old A. membranaceus from three areas were extracted with water extraction and alcohol precipitation ，Sevage deproteinization to obtain A. membranaceus polysaccharide. The samples were firstly hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid （TFA）and then derivatized by 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone（PMP）. HPLC analysis was adopted to determine the contents of 6 kinds of monosaccharide as mannose ，rhamnose，galacturonic acid ，glucose，galactose，arabinose. The determination was performed on Symmetry C 18 column with phosphate buffer solution （pH 6.8）-acetonitrile（84∶16，V/V）as mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 245 nm，and column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 20 µL. RESULTS ：The contents of mannose ，rhamnose，galacturonic acid ，glucose，galactose and arabinose were 0.50-0.94， 0.76-1.60，3.35-7.86，87.33-275.77，1.95-8.96，2.35-14.04 mg/g，respectively. Total contents of monosaccharide from 2，3，4 years old A. membranaceus were 98.26-139.92，173.81-295.71，122.37-182.41 mg/g，respectively. There was significant difference in the contents of glucose between 3 old years A. membranaceus and 2，4 old years A. membranaceus （162.71-275.77 mg/g vs. 87.33-107.70，111.54-167.26 mg/g，P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Above 6 monosaccharides are detected in 2，3，4 years old A. membranaceus，among which the content of glucose is the highest. The content of glucose in 3 years old A. membranaceus is higher than that in 2 and 4 years old A. membranaceus .
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Objective:To identify the clinical correlations between the cross-sectional area loss of the erector spinae muscle (ESMcsa Loss) and serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in mechanically ventilatied patients in ICU. In addition, to investigate their diagnostic value for ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) and their predictive value for 60-day survival in mechanically ventilated patients.Methods:Ninety-two patients with acute respiratory failure, who required mechanical ventilation therapy, were randomly selected among hospitalized patients from June 2018 to November 2019. The serum GDF-15 level was detected by ELISA, the total cross-sectional area of the right and left erector spinae muscles was calculated by CT images, and the patient's muscle strength was assessed using the British Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle strength score on day 1 and day 7. The patients were divided into the ICU-AW group and the non-ICU-AW group according to the MRC-score on the 7th day of ICU admission. The correlations between plasma GDF-15 level, ESMcsa loss, and MRC score on day 7 were investigated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the predictive value of serum GDF-15, ESMcsa loss, and ESMcsa loss ratio on day 7 of mechanically ventilated patients in the diagnosis of ICU acquired muscle weakness. Moreover, the predictive value of GDF-15 and ESMcsa loss ratio on the 90-day survival status of the patients was assessed using survival curves.Results:Ninety-two patients were enrolled. According to whether the MRC-score on the 7th day was less than 48, 49 cases were included in the ICU-AW group and 43 cases in the non-ICU-AW group. The mechanical ventilation time, length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay in the ICU-AW group were higher than those in the non-ICU-AW group, and there were no significant differences in other baseline indicators. There were no significant differences in serum GDF-15, ESMcsa and MRC-score between the two groups on day 1. The GDF-15 level in the ICU-AW group was significantly higher than that in the non-ICU-AW group while ESMcsa and MRC-score were significantly lower than those in the non-ICU-AW group on day 7 [GDF-15 (pg/mL): 2529.53±625.67 vs. 1614.21±567.18; ESMcsa (cm 2): 23.76±6.85 vs. 29.15±6.5; MRC-1score: 41.10±3.35 vs. 51.23±2.84; all P <0.001]. ESMcsa loss and ESMcsa loss ratio were significantly positively correlated with serum GDF-15 levels on day 7 ( r = 0.2355 and 0.3192, respectively). ESMcsa loss and ESMcsa loss ratio were significantly negatively correlated with MRC-score ( r = -0.3072 and -0.3527, respectively). The ROC curve analysis showed that plasma GDF-15 level, ESMcsa loss, and ESMcsa loss ratio on day 7 had predictive value for ICU-AW diagnosis in mechanically ventilated patients [Areas under the ROC curve (AUC) were 0.904, 0.835, and 0.889, all P <0.001]. The 60-day survival curve demonstrated that the survival rate was 60.0% in the high GDF-15 group, while was 77.8% in the low GDF-15 group; and was 60.0% in the high ESMcsa loss ratio group, while was 80.0% in the low ESMcsa loss ratio group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There was a significant correlation between the cross-sectional area loss of the erector spinae muscle and the increase of serum GDF-15 level after 7 days of mechanical ventilation in ICU, suggesting the acute muscle wasting and skeletal muscle hypofunction, which has certain diagnostic value for ICU-AW, and can predict the 60-day survival status of mechanically ventilated patients in ICU.
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Objective@#To assess the significance of DDAVP use in the diagnosis and treatment of VWD.@*Methods@#An analysis of 15 VWD cases who referred to Hematology Division of First affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and treated with DDAVP from March 2016 to August 2018 was conducted. Efficacy and treatment response of DDAVP were monitored by observations of changes in factor Ⅷ procoagulant (FⅧ∶C) and von Willebrand Factor (VWF) related indicators before and 2 h after DDAVP injection.@*Results@#Of 15 cases with VWD, 7 males and 8 females with a median age of 23 (6-46) years, 7 of 9 type I VWD patients achieved complete response (CR) , 1 type 2A VWD case CR, 5 type 3 VWD ones no response (NR) . The VWF multimer analysis in 5 patients combined with other plasma VWF values were in accordance with the known diagnosis.@*Conclusions@#DDAVP was effective in most type 1 patients, and ineffective in some type 2 and almost all type 3 cases. It was helpful for diagnosis and subsequent treatment planning.
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Objective@#To investigate the value of mechanical power (MP) to predict the potential of the lung recruitment maneuver and assess prognoses in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).@*Methods@#Patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS who required mechanical ventilation therapy longer than 24 hours were randomly selected April 2017 to April 2019. The lung recruitment maneuver (RM) protocol was performed according to the patient's condition, their MP, lung ultrasound score (LUS), oxygenation index (P/F), and dead volume ratio (Vd/Vt), which were monitored before the RM and one hour after the RM. The patients were divided into the lung recruitment maneuver potential positive group (RMP-P group) and lung recruitment maneuver potential negative group (RMP-N group) according to whether the variation in the patient's RM aeration score (ΔLUS) was≥5. Differences in MP between the two groups were compared and correlations between MP variation (ΔMP), aeration score variation (ΔLUS), oxygenation index variation (ΔP/F), and dead volume ratio variation (ΔVd/Vt) were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to calculate the predictive value of MP for the potential of RM and the prognosis (28-day mortality) of patients with moderate or severe ARDS.@*Results@#Eighty-three patients were enrolled in the study, 45 in the RMP-P group and 38 in the RMP-N group. There was no statistical difference in the baseline levels between the two groups (P>0.05). After RM treatment, MP, LUS scores, and Vd/Vt for each patient in the two groups decreased significantly compared to the pre-RM values, whereas, the P/F increased significantly (P<0.05). The MP, LUS scores, and Vd/Vt in the RMP-P group were significantly lower than those in the RMP-N group (P<0.05), whereas there was no difference in the P/F between the two groups after RM treatment (P>0.05). The ΔMP, ΔLUS, and ΔVd/Vt in the RMP-P group were significantly higher than those in the RMP-N group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the ΔP/F between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between ΔMP and ΔLUS and ΔVd/Vt in all patients (r=0.4746, 0.3995, P<0.01) and no significant correlation withΔP/F (r=0.0314, P>0.05). The area under the ROC curves of ΔMP for predicting the potential of RM was 0.856, with a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 63.2%. The AUC of the 28-day survival status was 0.788, with a sensitivity of 84.3% and a specificity of 62.5% (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Mechanical power monitoring before and after RM can be used to predict the potential of the lung recruitment maneuver and assess the prognosis in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS.
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Objective@#To systematic review the effect of preoxygenation (PreOx) and apnoeic oxygenation (ApOx) during intubation in the critically ill patients by network Meta-analysis.@*Methods@#The PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched by computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) of PreOx and ApOx techniques in the intensive care unit (ICU) from inception to January 30th, 2019. PreOx techniques (p) included nasal cannula (NC), high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), bag valve mask (BVM), bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), non-rebreather mask (NRM) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV), etc.; ApOx technique (a) referred to HFNC. Experimental group strategy was PreOx combined with ApOx, and control group strategy was PreOx alone. The outcomes were as follows: the lowest value of pulse oximetry (SpO2) during the intubation procedure, the incidence of severe desaturations (SpO2 < 0.80), and severe intubation-related complications [including SpO2 < 0.80, systolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), vasopressor 30% dose increment, cardiac arrest and death]. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistic analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software, Stata 15.1 software and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software.@*Results@#A total of 7 RCTs involving 796 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, the lowest SpO2 in the experimental group was significantly increased [mean difference (MD) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.60 to 2.25, P = 0.000 7], the incidence of severe complications was significantly decreased [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95%CI was 0.32 to 0.92, P = 0.02], but the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 did not improve significantly (OR = 0.65, 95%CI was 0.40 to 1.05, P = 0.08). The network Meta-analysis showed that, compared with non-pressure mask (NPM)p, (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa (OR = 51.20, 95%CI was 2.06 to 3 518.68) and NIVp (OR = 5.80, 95%CI was 1.25 to 34.70) had a significant reduction in the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 (both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of severe complications during intubation among (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and NPMp. The occurrence rate of SpO2 < 0.80 and severe complications using different oxygenation techniques decreased sequentially in NPMp, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa.@*Conclusion@#(HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa should be of a priority choice for critically ill patients during intubation.
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Objective To systematic review the effect of preoxygenation (PreOx) and apnoeic oxygenation (ApOx) during intubation in the critically ill patients by network Meta-analysis. Methods The PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched by computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) of PreOx and ApOx techniques in the intensive care unit (ICU) from inception to January 30th, 2019. PreOx techniques (p) included nasal cannula (NC), high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), bag valve mask (BVM), bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), non-rebreather mask (NRM) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV), etc.; ApOx technique (a) referred to HFNC. Experimental group strategy was PreOx combined with ApOx, and control group strategy was PreOx alone. The outcomes were as follows: the lowest value of pulse oximetry (SpO2) during the intubation procedure, the incidence of severe desaturations (SpO2 < 0.80), and severe intubation-related complications [including SpO2 < 0.80, systolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), vasopressor 30% dose increment, cardiac arrest and death]. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistic analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software, Stata 15.1 software and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs involving 796 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, the lowest SpO2 in the experimental group was significantly increased [mean difference (MD) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.60 to 2.25, P = 0.000 7], the incidence of severe complications was significantly decreased [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95%CI was 0.32 to 0.92, P = 0.02], but the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 did not improve significantly (OR = 0.65, 95%CI was 0.40 to 1.05, P = 0.08). The network Meta-analysis showed that, compared with non-pressure mask (NPM)p, (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa (OR = 51.20, 95%CI was 2.06 to 3 518.68) and NIVp (OR = 5.80, 95%CI was 1.25 to 34.70) had a significant reduction in the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 (both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of severe complications during intubation among (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and NPMp. The occurrence rate of SpO2 < 0.80 and severe complications using different oxygenation techniques decreased sequentially in NPMp, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa. Conclusion (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa should be of a priority choice for critically ill patients during intubation.
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Objective To systematic review the effect of preoxygenation (PreOx) and apnoeic oxygenation (ApOx) during intubation in the critically ill patients by network Meta-analysis. Methods The PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched by computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) of PreOx and ApOx techniques in the intensive care unit (ICU) from inception to January 30th, 2019. PreOx techniques (p) included nasal cannula (NC), high flow nasal cannula (HFNC), bag valve mask (BVM), bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), non-rebreather mask (NRM) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV), etc.; ApOx technique (a) referred to HFNC. Experimental group strategy was PreOx combined with ApOx, and control group strategy was PreOx alone. The outcomes were as follows: the lowest value of pulse oximetry (SpO2) during the intubation procedure, the incidence of severe desaturations (SpO2 < 0.80), and severe intubation-related complications [including SpO2 < 0.80, systolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), vasopressor 30% dose increment, cardiac arrest and death]. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistic analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software, Stata 15.1 software and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs involving 796 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the control group, the lowest SpO2 in the experimental group was significantly increased [mean difference (MD) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.60 to 2.25, P = 0.000 7], the incidence of severe complications was significantly decreased [odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95%CI was 0.32 to 0.92, P = 0.02], but the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 did not improve significantly (OR = 0.65, 95%CI was 0.40 to 1.05, P = 0.08). The network Meta-analysis showed that, compared with non-pressure mask (NPM)p, (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa (OR = 51.20, 95%CI was 2.06 to 3 518.68) and NIVp (OR = 5.80, 95%CI was 1.25 to 34.70) had a significant reduction in the incidence of SpO2 < 0.80 (both P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of severe complications during intubation among (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and NPMp. The occurrence rate of SpO2 < 0.80 and severe complications using different oxygenation techniques decreased sequentially in NPMp, HFNCp+HFNCa, NIVp and (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa. Conclusion (HFNC+NIV)p+HFNCa should be of a priority choice for critically ill patients during intubation.
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Objective To investigate the value of mechanical power(MP)to predict the potential of the lung recruitment maneuver and assess prognoses in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS who required mechanical ventilation therapy longer than 24 hours were randomly selected April 2017 to April 2019.The lung recruitment maneuver(RM)protocol was performed according to the patient's condition,their MP,lung ultrasound score(LUS),oxygenation index(PIF),and dead volume ratio(Vd/Vt),which were monitored before the RM and one hour after the RM.The patients were divided into the lung recruitment maneuver potential positive group(RMP-P group)and lung recruitment maneuver potential negative group(RMP-N group)according to whether the variation in the patient's RM aeration score(ΔLUS)was ≥ 5.Differences in MP between the two groups were compared and correlations between MP variation(Δ MP),aeration score variation(Δ LUS),oxygenation index variation(Δ P/F),and dead volume ratio variation(Δ V d/Vt)were analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to calculate the predictive value of MP for the potential of RM and the prognosis(28-day mortality)of patients with moderate or severe ARDS.Results Eighty-three patients were enrolled in the study,45 in the RMP-P group and 38 in the RMP-N group.There was no statistical difference in the baseline levels between the two groups(P＞0.05).After RM treatment,MP,LUS scores,and Vd/Vt for each patient in the two groups decreased significantly compared to the pre-RM values,whereas,the P/F increased significantly(P＜0.05).The MP,LUS scores,and Vd/Vt in the RMP-P group were significantly lower than those in the RMP-N group(P＜0.05),whereas there was no difference in the PIF between the two groups after RM treatment(P＞0.05).The Δ MP,Δ LUS,and Δ V d/Vt in the RMP-P group were significantly higher than those in the RMP-N group(P＜0.05).There was no difference in the Δ P/F between the two groups(P＞0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between Δ MP and Δ LUS and Δ Vd/Vt in all patients(r=0.4746,0.3995,P＜0.01)and no significant correlation with Δ P/F(r=0.0314,P＞0.05).The area under the ROC curves of Δ MP for predicting the potential of RM was 0.856,with a sensitivity of 91.1％and a specificity of 63.2％.The AUC of the 28-day survival status was 0.788,with a sensitivity of 84.3％and a specificity of 62.5％(P＜0.05).Conclusions Mechanical power monitoring before and after RM can be used to predict the potential of the lung recruitment maneuver and assess the prognosis in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS.
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Objective To investigate the clinical correlations between mechanical power (MP) and lung ultrasound score (LUS), and analyze their evaluation value of prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Patients with moderate to severe ARDS, who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled. The MP and LUS were recorded 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after ICU admission. The patients were divided into death group and survival group according to the 28-day prognosis. The trends of MP and LUS in the two groups and their differences between groups were analyzed. Then the MP and LUS were analyzed by bivariate correlation analysis, and their correlations with acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), and blood lactate (Lac) were also analyzed. The predictive value of MP and LUS 0 hour and 72 hours in ICU for 28-day mortality in patients with moderate to severe ARDS was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results At the end, 83 patients were enrolled, with 32 died and 51 survived in 28-day. The Lac level, APACHEⅡ and SOFA in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group, while PaO2/FiO2 was significantly lower than the survival group, and the other baseline indicators were not statistically significant between the two groups. As the treatment time increased, the MP and LUS of the survival group showed a significant decrease trend, while the death group showed a significant upward trend. The MP and LUS of the death group 0, 24, 48, 72 hours after ICU admission were significantly higher than those of the survival group [MP (J/min): 20.97±3.34 vs. 17.20±4.71, 21.56±3.48 vs. 16.87±3.85, 22.72±2.97 vs. 16.13±3.52, 25.81±3.46 vs. 15.24±3.78; LUS: 19.17±3.31 vs. 16.27±4.28, 20.28±3.65 vs. 15.27±3.23, 21.53±4.32 vs. 13.63±3.71, 23.94±3.82 vs. 12.53±2.94, all P < 0.05]. There was a significant positive correlation between MP and LUS 0, 24, 48, 72 hours after ICU admission (r value was 0.547, 0.577, 0.754, and 0.783, respectively, all P < 0.01). The MP and LUS at 0 hour of ICU admission were significantly positively correlated with SOFA and PaO2/FiO2 (r value was 0.421, 0.450, and 0.409, 0.536, respectively, all P < 0.01), but no correlation with Lac and APACHEⅡ was found. The ROC curve analysis showed that the MP and LUS at 0 hour and 72 hours had predictive value for the 28-day mortality [the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of MP was 0.836, 0.867; and the AUC of LUS was 0.820, 0.891, all P < 0.01]. Conclusions There was a significant correlation between MP and LUS in patients with moderate to severe ARDS. The MP and LUS could be used early to evaluate the 28-day prognosis of patients with moderate to severe ARDS.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between blood flow velocity and respiratory variability in different parts of left heart of patients with sepsis via measuring the flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve (MV), peak flow velocity of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and respiratory variability (ΔVpeak) by ultrasonography. Methods Totally 81 patients with sepsis hospitalized in ICU were chosen consecutively from March 2017 to October 2017. Each patient's flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve and peak flow velocity of LVOT was inspected, by apical four-chamber view and apical five-chamber view respectively, to calculate the respiratory variability. Results (1) Of the 81 patients with sepsis, 33 patients (40.7％) had complete control of mechanical ventilation (no spontaneous breathing trigger), and 48 patients (59.3％) had spontaneous breathing and incomplete control of mechanical ventilation (partial spontaneous breathing trigger). (2) There was no significant difference in the mean values of flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve and peak flow velocity of LVOT in patients with sepsis. Whereas the flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve (0.15±0.05) was greater than the peak flow velocity of LVOT (0.12±0.04) with statistical significance (P<0.01). In sepsis patients with complete control of mechanical ventilation (no spontaneous breathing trigger), respiratory variability in the flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve (0.17±0.06) was significantly greater than the peak flow velocity of LVOT (0.11±0.03), P<0.01, whereas in sepsis patients with incomplete control of mechanical ventila tion (partial spontaneous breathing trigger), there was no statistically significant difference between the respiratory variability in flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve (0.14±0.04) and in the peak flow velocity of LVOT (0.13±0.03), P=0.102. (3) The respiratory variability in flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve was correlated with the peak flow velocity of LVOT (r=0.670, P<0.01). The flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve was all correlated with the peak flow velocity of LVOT in both sepsis patients with complete control of mechanical ventilation (no spontaneous breathing trigger) (r=0.894, P<0.01), and sepsis patients with incomplete control of mechanical ventilation (partial spontaneous breathing trigger) (r=0.774, P<0.01), respectively. Conclusions The respiratory variability in flow velocity of the E-wave of mitral valve was correlated with that in the peak flow velocity of LVOT, which may provide a new indicator in evaluating the fluid responsiveness of patients with sepsis.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression difference and its mechanism of miR-497 and miR-34a in platinum-sen-sitive and platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian carcinoma(EOC)patients. METHODS:A total of 72 EOC patients underwent ovari-an cancer staging surgery or cytoreductive surgery were selected from department of gynaecology and obstetriscs of our hospital dur-ing Jan. 2008-Jan. 2012. They received standardized platinum chemotherapy after surgery and were followed up (during Jul.2008-Jul.2016). According to the sensitivity to platinum,those patients were divided into platinum-sensitive group (42 cases) and platinum-resistant group (30 cases) . Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was adopted to detect the expression of miR-497 and miR-34a in tumor tissue,and the relationship of it with total survival period was investigated. The levels of DNA methylation of miR-497 and miR-34a promoter region were determined by nest type land type methylation specific PCR. Western blot assay was used to detect the H3K9 dimethylation(H3K9me2)levels. The H3K9me2 levels of miR-497 and miR-34a promoter region were de-termined by chromatin immunoprecipitation method. RESULTS:The expression levels of miR-497 and miR-34a in platinum-sensi-tive group were significantly higher than platinum-resistant group,with statistical significance (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The expression of miR-497 and miR-34a in tumor tissue of EOC patients are related to the sensitivity of platinum chemotherapy and the survival time of patients. DNA methylation and histone methylation of promoter region may be one of the mechanisms of their expression changes.
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Objective · To investigate the possible role of TLR4 signaling pathway in the mediation of atherosclerosis. Methods · TLR4 were knocked down via transfection with TLR4-specific siRNA, and the lipid accumulation was further detected in control and TLR4-knockdown groups by oil red O staining. The expression of CD36 andLectin-like oxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) in macrophages were detected by Western blotting to investigate the role of TLR4 in the expression of oxLDL-related receptors. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were tested by ELISA to confirm the possible role of TLR4 in the secretion of inflammatory factors. Results · Macrophages (namely CD68+ cells) were found to accumulate within atherosclerosisplaques with TLR4 highly expressed on the surface of macrophages; the stimulation with oxLDL promoted the lipid accumulation (P<0.01), the secretion of inflammatory factors (P<0.01), and the expression of CD36 and LOX-1. The oxLDL-associated expression of CD36 was decreased but the expression of LOX-1 was not affected. The knockdown of TLR4 inhibits oxLDL-induced lipid accumulation (P<0.01)and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and MMP-9) secretion (P<0.01). Conclusion · TLR4 signaling pathway possibly promotes the lipid accumulation and the secretion of inflammatory factors via up-regulating the expression of CD36 to affect the formation and development of atherosclerosis.
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Objective@#To analyze the clinical and laboratory abnormalities of two patients with α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) Pittsburgh in a family and review the literatures.@*Methods@#Both plasma clotting time and factor activities were performed using clotting or substrate methods. Platelet aggregation was evaluated using an optical aggregometer. The serum protein electrophoresis was performed on Sebia HYDRASYS by using Agarose gel. The exons of α1-AT were amplified by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then sequenced and compared with NCBI GenBank records.@*Results@#The proband had several ruptures of corpus luteum and bleeding after operation, while her daughter had no bleeding history. Both of them showed prolonged coagulation tests which could not be corrected by mixing with the normal plasma. They also showed low levels of plasma coagulation factors, undetected protein C and S activity and abnormal bands of α1-globulin. The results of gene sequencing demonstrated that they were heterozygous for g.T17132G (p.Met358Arg) mutation of α1-antitrypsin gene (NG_008290.1) .@*Conclusions@#Comparing with the data of previously reported cases, our results confirmed the obvious abnormality of coagulation test and the discrepancy of bleeding tendency of α1-antitrypsin Pittsburgh patients, and suggested that the rupture of corpus luteum would be a specific characteristic in women of child-bearing age.
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Objective@#To explore the normal range of plasma VWF levels of healthy Chinese and to analyze the influencing factors to VWF level.@*Methods@#To detect the levels of von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF∶Ag) , von Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF∶Rco) , von Willebrand factor collagen binding activity (VWF∶CB) , and the factor Ⅷ coagulation activity (FⅧ∶C) by using fully automatic and standardized testing instruments and matching reagent in 70 healthy Chinese. The effects of age, ABO blood type, gender and region were also analyzed. Meanwhile, 8 standard plasma samples (2 normal subjects, 6 cases of type 2 VWD) confirmed by NIBSC were tested for VWF values.@*Results@#① In 70 cases of healthy Chinese, the mean value of plasma VWF∶Ag, VWF∶Rco and VWF∶CB were (95.4±44.9) %, (105.9±35.4) % and (89.8±28.4) %, respectively; the ratio of VWF∶Rco/VWF∶Ag and VWF∶CB/VWF∶Ag was 1.18±0.25 and 1.03±0.29, respectively. ②There was no statistical significance in plasma VWF values between the age ≥30 years and <30 years group (P>0.05) . ③The VWF∶Rco, VWF∶CB of type O blood group were lower than that of non-O group (t=2.074, P=0.042; t=3.949, P=0.001) , but there was no statistical significance in VWF∶Ag, VWF∶Rco/VWF∶Ag, VWF∶CB/VWF∶Ag between the two groups (P>0.05) . ④There was no significant difference in VWF values between male and female groups (P>0.05) . ⑤The VWF∶Ag, VWF∶CB of the northern population (North area of Huaihe River) group were higher than that of southern population (Suzhou area) group (t=4.525, P=0.001; t=3.214, P=0.002) , but VWF∶Rco/VWF∶Ag, VWF∶CB/VWF∶Ag were lower than that of southern population group (t=6.373, P=0.001; t=2.902, P=0.005) , and there was no significant difference in VWF∶Rco between the two groups (t=1.598, P=0.115) . ⑥The VWF values of 8 standard plasma samples were in accordance with the known diagnosis.@*Conclusions@#A more integrate plasma VWF levels of healthy Chinese people were obtained for the first time by using fully automatic and standardized testing instruments. It was also found that ABO blood group and region had a significant impact on the level of VWF, while the age and gender had no significant effect.
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Objective To explore the gene sequencing and prenatal diagnosis of Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT). Methods The blood samples were drawn from one case of phenotype GT pediatric patient, patient’s parents, and one normal control. The amniotic lfuid and cord blood from the fetus of patient’s mother were collected. When the fetus was born 2 days, the blood was drawn. The coagulation routine test and platelet aggregation test were performed. The expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb and GPIIIa were tested by lfow cytometry. Microsatellite technology is used to determine whether fetal cord blood is contaminated with maternal cells. The expressed region and the junctional zone between exon and introns of GPIIb and GPIIIa were ampliifed by PCR technology from blood sample of patient, patient’s parents, and fetus’s cord and 2 days after birth. The PCR products were then subjected to DNA sequencing. Results Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) cannot induce the platelet aggregation in the patient. The max rate of the platelet aggregation in the fetus’s cord blood was half of the normal. However, the max aggregation rate induced by ADP in the blood sample of parents and fetus 2 days after birth were equal to normal. The mean lfuorescence intensity (MnX) of platelet membrane GPIIb and GPIIIa in the patient were 10%and nearly zero of the normal control, respectively, while those in the parents, the fetus’s cord blood and 2 days after birth were more than 90%and 30%to 50%of the normal control. The cast-off cells in amniotic lfuid and the DNA in cord blood analysis by microsatellite technology conifrmed that the amniotic lfuid and cord blood not contaminated by maternal cells. Gene analysis showed the heterozygosis mutation in exon6 A3829→C and exon9 G42186→A of the patient’s GPIIIa led to the amino acid heterozygosis mutation in GPIIIaHis281→Tyr and Cys400→Pro. These two mutations came from the father and the mother separately. However, there was only one heterozygosis mutation in exon9 G42186→A in the cast-off cells in amniotic lfuid, the fetus’s cord and blood 2 days after birth. Conclusion This GT patient have double heterozygosis mutation. The fetus has heterozygosis mutation conifrmed after birth.
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This study was to investigate the regulation of lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-induced sepsis in mice by preadministration of Shenmai injection (SMI)and the therapeutic differences between male and female.The females and males were randomly grouped by weight,including control group,LPS-induced sepsis model group and SMI administration group.After preadministration of SMI for 14 days,10 mg/kg LPS were intraperitoneally injected subsequently to induce sepsis.The survival rate of mice,level of serum cytokines and the mRNA expres-sion of proinflammatory cytokines in main tissues were detected to evaluate the impact of SMI in LPS-induced sepsis mice.From the survival rate,which is considered as a gold standard of improvement in sepsis,significant protective effect can be observed after SMI pretreatment in LPS-induced sepsis mice,a more significant effect was shown in the females.Consisting with the serum cytokines levels,SMI significantly inhibited proinflammatory cyto-kines including IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-αmRNA expression in tissues and the regulation of IL-6 was most signifi-cant,which was consistent with the results of ELISA in serum.Moreover,the liver tissue acquired a more evident impact than any other tissues,which fits with the ratio of dry/wet weight.SMI can significantly inhibit inflammato-ry response by delivery in advance in LPS-induced septic mice,providing strong evidence for elaborating mecha-nism in the treatment of cardiovascular disease related inflammation and shock.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effect difference for stroke between meridian-collateral diagnosis and therapy byand conventional acupuncture with syndrome differentiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 148 patients were assigned into an observation group(72 cases) and a control group(76 cases) by random number table,with 10 cases dropping out in the observation group. In the observation group,meridians were examined and differentiated and then the treating meridians and acupoints were defined. Corresponding acupuncture was used according to them. In the control group,acupuncture was applied at acupoints by internal differentiation and experience. Treatment was given once a day and five times a week,with total 20 times. The motion function of limbs and coloboma degree of nerve function were assessed by Fugl-Meyer score and National Institutes of Health Stroke Score(NIHSS) before and after treatment as well as at three-month follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment,the Fugl-Meyer scores increased and the NIHSS scores decreased in the two groups compared with those before treatment(all<0.05). At follow-up three months after treatment,Fugl-Meyer score upgraded in the observation group (<0.05) and NIHSS score declined in the two groups (both<0.01) than those before treatment,and NIHSS scores were statistically different between the two groups(<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Meridian-collateral diagnosis and therapy byhas better long-term efficacy when it is compared with conventional acupuncture with syndrome differentiation for motion function of limbs and nerve function of stroke.</p>